Background of Master Ching-shui
Master Ching-shui is the guardian patron of An-hsi, Fuchien. There are different versions concerning his life.
One version is that he was born during Jen-Tsung period in North Sung dynasty. His name was Chen Chao-ying and he was from Yung-chun province, Fuchien. He became a monk at a very young age and was given the name Pu-tsu. During his lifetime, he built bridges and prayed for rain for many villages. He was much revered by the villagers for his kind deeds. He lived in Ching-shui Yen at Peng-lai Monutain. When he passed away, the villagers built a pagoda and his sculpture to worship him and they gave him the title of Master of Charity and Benevolence.
Another version says that he was from Kai-feng in the South Sung dynasty. He was a follower of Wen Tien-hsiang, a Sung patriot who tried to overthrow the Yuan rulers. Later, Emperor Tai-tsung of the Ming dynasty awarded him the honorary title of the “Defender of the Nation” and ordered that a temple be built to worship him in the area where he used to live – Ching-shui Yen in An-hsi, Fuchien. That is why the people in An-hsi refer to him respectfully as the Master and the temple is named “Master Temple.”
The Master Ching-shui worshipped at the Sanshia Master Temple is also called “Master Ma-chang” or “Wu Mien Tsu-shih (Dark-faced Master)” in the Min-nan (Southern Fuchien) language. The Taiwanese people generally refer to this deity as “Tsu-shih Kung (Grand Master).” The incarnations of the Master Ching-shui are known as Peng-lai Ta Tsu, Hsien-ying Tsu-shih, Hui-ying Tsu-shih, Pu-an Tsu-shih, or Lo-pi Tsu-shih.
The ancestors of the Han Chinese arrived in Taiwan in the Ching Dynasty and settled in Feng-shan, Chia-yi, Yun-lin, Chang-hua, Heng-chun, Peng-hu , and Tan-shui areas where they built Master Temples. The most prominent Master temples in the northern region are those in Meng-chia, Tan-shui, and Sanshia.
The evolution of the Sanshia Masters Temple
Sanshia and Ying-Ke were originally towns under the jurisdiction of “Hai-shan Chuang. ” With the development brought by immigrants, the towns grew and prospered. The Sanshia Master Temple and Ying-ke pottery has become representative of Taiwan’s folk culture.
In Kang-hsi 24th year, Chen Yu-lu and his clan from An-hsi settled in Nan-ching Tso (now known as Ying-ke Nan-ching Li). In Chien-lung 20th year (1749), Tung Jih-hsu from An-hsi led a group of people to develop the land in Sanshia. By Chien-lung 34th year (1769), they had settled comfortably into their new lease on life and started to build the Sanshia Master Temple, at that time known as “Chang-fu Yen.” The duty for the worship of Chang-fu Yen Master was allotted to seven clans by the surnames Chen, Li, Liu, Lin, Wang, Ta Ca surnames, and Chung Chuang Ca surnames. They took turns to fund and organize the annual birthday celebration for the Master on the 6th day of the 1st lunar month.
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